Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris

Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris, sugar beet

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Caryophyllales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Eudicots Cladus: Core eudicots Ordo: Caryophyllales

Familia: Amaranthaceae s.l.
Cladus: Chenopodiaceae s.str.
Subfamilia: Betoideae
Tribus: Beteae
Genus: Beta
Sectio: Beta sect. Beta
Subsectio: Beta subsect. Beta
Species: Beta vulgaris
Subspecies: Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris

• Cultivar groups:
  • Fodder Beet Group (= Crassa Group)
  • Garden Beet Group (= Conditiva Group)
  • Leaf Beet Group (= Cicla Group + Flavescens Group)
  • Sugar Beet Group (= Altissima Group)

Name

Beta vulgaris L., Sp. Pl. 1: 222 (1753) subsp. vulgaris , autonym

Synonyms

• Heterotypic
  • Beta alba DC. in J.B.A.M.de Lamarck & A.P.de Candolle, Fl. Franç., éd. 3, 3: 383 (1805)
  • Beta altissima Steud. in Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 200 (1840)
  • Beta brasiliensis Scheidw. in J. Hort. Prat. Belgique 2: 16 (1844)
  • Beta braziliensis J.McNab in Gard. Chron. 1844: 591 (1844), orth. var.
  • Beta carnulosa Gren. in J.C.M.Grenier & D.A.Godron, Fl. France Corse 3: 16 (1855)
  • Beta cicla L., Syst. Nat., ed. 12. 2: 195. (1767).
  • Beta cicla var. argentea Krassochkin & Burenin in Sborn. Nauchn. Trudov Prikl. Bot. Genet. Selekts. 145: 118 (1991)
  • Beta cicla var. brasiliensis Bosse in Vollst. Handb. Bl.-Gärtn., ed. 2, 1: 374 (1840)
  • Beta cicla variegata Rob. in Subtrop. Gard.: 80 (1871)
  • Beta cicla var. viridis Krassochkin & Burenin in Sborn. Nauchn. Trudov Prikl. Bot. Genet. Selekts. 145: 118 (1991)
  • Beta crispa Tratt. in Arch. Gewächsk. Leopold Trattinick 7: 117 (1819)
  • Beta esculenta Salisb. in Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 152 (1796)
  • Beta foliosa Ehrenb. ex Steud. in Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 200 (1840), pro syn.
  • Beta hortensis Mill. in Gard. Dict., ed. 8.: n.° 2 (1768)
  • Beta hybrida Andrz. in Izv. Univ. Kiev 7: 132 (1862)
  • Beta incarnata Steud. in Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 200 (1840)
  • Beta lutea Steud. in Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 200 (1840)
  • Beta purpurea Steud. in Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 200 (1840)
  • Beta rapa Dumort. in Fl. Belg.: 21 (1827)
  • Beta rapacea Hegetschw., Fl. Schweiz [Hegetschweiler] 256. (1839).
  • Beta rosea Steud. in Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 200 (1840)
  • Beta sativa Bernh. in Syst. Verz. Erf.: 162 (1800)
  • Beta stricta K.Koch in Linnaea 22: 180 (1849)
  • Beta sulcata Gasp. in G.Gussone, Fl. Sicul. Syn. 2: 800 (1845)
  • Beta triflora Salisb. in Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 152 (1796)
  • Beta vulgaris var. alborubens Gray in Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 279 (1821 publ. 1822)
  • Beta vulgaris var. altissima Döll in Rhein. Fl.: 293 (1843)
  • Beta vulgaris var. annua Graebn. in P.F.A.Ascherson & K.O.R.Graebner, Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. 5(1): 14 (1913)
  • Beta vulgaris var. asiatica Burenin in Nauchno-Tekhn. Byull. Vsesoyuzn. Ordena Lenina Ordena Druzhby Narodov Nauchno-Issl. Inst. Rasteniev. N. I. Vavilova 161: 69 (1986), nom. illeg.
  • Beta vulgaris subsp. asiatica Krassochkin ex Burenin in Nauchno-Tekhn. Byull. Vsesoyuzn. Ordena Lenina Ordena Druzhby Narodov Nauchno-Issl. Inst. Rasteniev. N. I. Vavilova 130: 67 (1983)
  • Beta vulgaris var. atra Alef. in Landw. Fl.: 279 (1866)
  • Beta vulgaris var. aurantia Burenin in Nauchno-Tekhn. Byull. Vsesoyuzn. Ordena Lenina Ordena Druzhby Narodov Nauchno-Issl. Inst. Rasteniev. N. I. Vavilova 130: 67 (1983)
  • Beta vulgaris var. bassana Alef. in Landw. Fl.: 279 (1866)
  • Beta vulgaris f. cicla (L.) Backer in Fl. Males. 4: 100 (1949)
  • Beta vulgaris subsp. cicla (L.) Schübl. & G.Martens in Fl. Würtemberg: 206 (1834)
  • Beta vulgaris convar. cicla (L.) Alef. in Landw. Fl.: 278 (1866)
  • Beta vulgaris var. cicla L. in Sp. Pl.: 222 (1753)
  • Beta vulgaris var. conditiva Alef. in Landw. Fl.: 279 (1866)
  • Beta vulgaris var. coniciformis Burenin in Nauchno-Tekhn. Byull. Vsesoyuzn. Ordena Lenina Ordena Druzhby Narodov Nauchno-Issl. Inst. Rasteniev. N. I. Vavilova 130: 67 (1983)
  • Beta vulgaris convar. crassa Alef. in Landw. Fl.: 280 (1866)
  • Beta vulgaris var. crispa Alef. in Landw. Fl.: 279 (1866)
  • Beta vulgaris convar. cruenta Alef. in Landw. Fl.: 279 (1866)
  • Beta vulgaris var. debeauxii Clary in Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Toulouse 1888: 115 (1888)
  • Beta vulgaris var. depressalba Alef. in Landw. Fl.: 280 (1866)
  • Beta vulgaris var. depressiflava Alef. in Landw. Fl.: 280 (1866)
  • Beta vulgaris var. depressirubra Alef. in Landw. Fl.: 280 (1866)
  • Beta vulgaris subsp. esculenta Cout. in Fl. Portugal: 185 (1913)
  • Beta vulgaris subsp. foliosa Asch. & Schweinf. in Ill. Fl. Égypte: 125 (1887)
  • Beta vulgaris var. foliosa (Asch. & Schweinf.) Aellen in Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 48: 474 (1938)
  • Beta vulgaris var. globosalba Alef. in Landw. Fl.: 280 (1866)
  • Beta vulgaris var. globosiflava Alef. in Landw. Fl.: 280 (1866)
  • Beta vulgaris var. globosirubra Alef. in Landw. Fl.: 280 (1866)
  • Beta vulgaris var. grisea Burenin in Nauchno-Tekhn. Byull. Vsesoyuzn. Ordena Lenina Ordena Druzhby Narodov Nauchno-Issl. Inst. Rasteniev. N. I. Vavilova 130: 67 (1983), nom. illeg.
  • Beta vulgaris var. grisea Aellen in Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 28: 30 (1967)
  • Beta vulgaris var. hortensis (Mill.) Alef. in Landw. Fl.: 278 (1866)
  • Beta vulgaris var. leucopleura Alef. in Landw. Fl.: 279 (1866)
  • Beta vulgaris subsp. lomatogonoides Aellen in Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 48: 478 (1938)
  • Beta vulgaris var. longalba Alef. in Landw. Fl.: 280 (1866)
  • Beta vulgaris var. longiflava Alef. in Landw. Fl.: 280 (1866)
  • Beta vulgaris var. longirubra Alef. in Landw. Fl.: 280 (1866)
  • Beta vulgaris var. lutea DC. in J.B.A.M.de Lamarck & A.P.de Candolle, Fl. Franç., éd. 3, 3: 383 (1805)
  • Beta vulgaris var. macropleura Alef. in Landw. Fl.: 279 (1866)
  • Beta vulgaris var. mediasiatica Burenin in Nauchno-Tekhn. Byull. Vsesoyuzn. Ordena Lenina Ordena Druzhby Narodov Nauchno-Issl. Inst. Rasteniev. N. I. Vavilova 130: 67 (1983)
  • Beta vulgaris var. morina Alef. in Landw. Fl.: 279 (1866)
  • Beta vulgaris var. naudariana Alef. in Landw. Fl.: 279 (1866)
  • Beta vulgaris var. ovaliformis Burenin in Nauchno-Tekhn. Byull. Vsesoyuzn. Ordena Lenina Ordena Druzhby Narodov Nauchno-Issl. Inst. Rasteniev. N. I. Vavilova 130: 67 (1983)
  • Beta vulgaris var. phoenicopleura Alef. in Landw. Fl.: 279 (1866)
  • Beta vulgaris var. praecox Alef. in Landw. Fl.: 279 (1866)
  • Beta vulgaris var. purpurea André in Pl. Feuill. Ornem.: 106 (1866)
  • Beta vulgaris var. pusilla Alef. in Landw. Fl.: 280 (1866)
  • Beta vulgaris f. rapa (Dumort.) Backer in Fl. Males. 4: 100 (1949)
  • Beta vulgaris var. rapacea W.D.J.Koch, Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv. 1(2): 608. (1837).
  • Beta vulgaris subsp. rapacea (W.D.J.Koch) Döll, Rhein. Fl.: 293. (1843).
  • Beta vulgaris var. raposa Gray in Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 279 (1821 publ. 1822)
  • Beta vulgaris var. rhodopleura Alef. in Landw. Fl.: 279 (1866)
  • Beta vulgaris var. rubidus Burenin in Nauchno-Tekhn. Byull. Vsesoyuzn. Ordena Lenina Ordena Druzhby Narodov Nauchno-Issl. Inst. Rasteniev. N. I. Vavilova 130: 67 (1983)
  • Beta vulgaris subsp. rubra L., Sp. Pl. 1: 222 (1753)
    • Lectotype (designated by Letschert 1993: 27): [Icon] Beta nigra in Fuchs (1542: 806, of the lectotype image of the lectotype; see also Letschert 1993: photo 1.2).
  • Beta vulgaris var. rubra Burenin in Nauchno-Tekhn. Byull. Vsesoyuzn. Ordena Lenina Ordena Druzhby Narodov Nauchno-Issl. Inst. Rasteniev. N. I. Vavilova 161: 70 (1986), nom. illeg.
  • Beta vulgaris var. rubricaulis Gray in Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 279 (1821 publ. 1822)
  • Beta vulgaris var. rubrifolia Krassochkin ex Burenin in Nauchno-Tekhn. Byull. Vsesoyuzn. Ordena Lenina Ordena Druzhby Narodov Nauchno-Issl. Inst. Rasteniev. N. I. Vavilova 161: 69 (1986)
  • Beta vulgaris var. ruficeps Alef. in Landw. Fl.: 280 (1866)
  • Beta vulgaris var. saccharifera Alef. in Landw. Fl.: 281 (1866)
  • Beta vulgaris var. scotica Alef. in Landw. Fl.: 280 (1866)
  • Beta vulgaris var. sicula Klett & Richt. in Fl. Leipzig: 255 (1830), nom. superfl.
  • Beta vulgaris var. subrosea Krassochkin ex Burenin in Nauchno-Tekhn. Byull. Vsesoyuzn. Ordena Lenina Ordena Druzhby Narodov Nauchno-Issl. Inst. Rasteniev. N. I. Vavilova 161: 70 line 12 (1986), contrary to ICBN(1983) Art. 64.3.
  • Beta vulgaris var. variocicla Alef. in Landw. Fl.: 279 (1866)
  • Beta vulgaris var. virescens Burenin in Nauchno-Tekhn. Byull. Vsesoyuzn. Ordena Lenina Ordena Druzhby Narodov Nauchno-Issl. Inst. Rasteniev. N. I. Vavilova 130: 67 (1983)
  • Beta vulgaris var. viridifolia Krassochkin ex Burenin in Nauchno-Tekhn. Byull. Vsesoyuzn. Ordena Lenina Ordena Druzhby Narodov Nauchno-Issl. Inst. Rasteniev. N. I. Vavilova 130: 67 (1983)
  • Beta vulgaris var. xantha Alef. in Landw. Fl.: 280 (1866)
  • Beta vulgaris var. xanthopleura Alef. in Landw. Fl.: 279 (1866)

References

Primary references

• Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species plantarum, exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas. Tomus I. Pp. [I–XII], 1–560. Impensis Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae [Stockholm]. BHL Reference page. 

Additional references

• Iamonico, D. 2019. Remarks on the subfam. Betoideae (Chenopodiaceae/Amaranthaceae sensu APGIV). Phytotaxa 400(3): 145–164. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.400.3.3 Reference page. 
• Letschert, J.P.W., Lange, W., Frese, L. & Van Den Berg, R.G. 1994. Taxonomy of Beta section Beta. Journal of Sugar Beet Research 31: 69–85. Reference page. 
• Uotila, P. 2011+. Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris – In: Chenopodiaceae (pro parte majore). Euro+Med Plantbase – the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.
• Shultz, L.M.
• eFloras 2008. Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris in Flora of North America . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
• Linnaeus, C. 1767. Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio duodecima, reformata. Tomus 2 (Regnum vegetabile): 736 + 15 pp. Holmiæ [Stockholm]. Impensis Direct Laurentii Salvii. BHL. Reference page. 
• Arcangeli, G. 1882. Compendio della Flora Italiana: ossia manuale per la determinazione delle piante che trovansi selvatiche od inselvatichite nell'Italia e nelle Isole Adiacenti. xx + 889 pp., Torino: E. Loescher. BHL Biblioteca Digital Reference page. 
• Siebert, A. & Voss, A. 1894–1896. Vilmorin’s Blumengärtnerei. Beschreibung, Kultur und Verwendung des gesamten Pflanzenmaterials für deutsche Gärten. Dritte Aufl. [3^rd ed.] Band I. VIII+78+1264 pp. Verlagsbuchhandlung Paul Parey, Berlin. German. BHL Reference page. 
• Koch, W.D.J. 1835–1837. Synopsis Florae Germanicae et Helveticae. LX + 844 pp., Francofurti ad Moenum, F. Wilmans. BHL Reference page. 
• Döll, J.C. 1843. Rheinische Flora. Beschreibung der wildwachsenden und cultivirten Pflanzen des Rheingebietes vom Bodensee bis zur Mosel und Lahn, mit besonderer Berücksichtigung des Grossherzogthums Baden. Frankfurt a.M., H.L. Brönner. BHL Reference page. 
• Hegetschweiler, J.J. 1838–1840. Flora der Schweiz. Zürich, F. Schulthess. BHL. Reference page. 

Links

• Govaerts, R. et al. 2024. Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2024 May 16. Reference page. 
• Hassler, M. 2024. Beta vulgaris. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2024. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2024 May 16. Reference page. 
• International Plant Names Index. 2024. Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris. Published online. Accessed: 16 May 2024.

• Tropicos.org 2017. Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 15 February 2017.

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